Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia or osteoporosis, is a condition where bones become weaker and more porous over time. This happens when old bone is removed faster than new bone can be formed to replace it.
There are a few key things to understand about decreased bone density:
- Causes - Getting older is the main risk factor, as bone density naturally decreases with age. Other factors like hormonal changes, family history, poor nutrition, smoking, and lack of exercise can also contribute. Women are at higher risk due to menopause.
- Symptoms - Often there are no obvious symptoms in the early stages. Later on, you may be more prone to fractures or breaks from minor injuries. You might also begin to stoop or shrink in height as bones weaken.
- Diagnosis - Decreased bone density is diagnosed through a bone mineral density (BMD) test. This special x-ray compares your bone density to the expected density for your age. The following table shows the criteria for diagnosing osteopenia and osteoporosis based on BMD scores:
| Condition |
BMD Score |
| Normal |
Within 1 SD of young adult mean |
| Osteopenia |
1-2.5 SD below young adult mean |
| Osteoporosis |
More than 2.5 SD below young adult mean |
- Treatment - The goal is to prevent further bone loss. Weight-bearing exercise can help rebuild bone, along with getting enough calcium and vitamin D. In more severe cases, medication may be prescribed, like bisphosphonates to slow bone loss or promote regrowth.
- Prevention - Building strong bones when you're young through proper nutrition and exercise makes them less prone to thinning later on. Not smoking, limiting alcohol, and fall-proofing your home also help minimize risks as you get older.
The following table summarizes the recommended daily calcium and vitamin D intake for different age groups:
| Age Group |
Calcium (mg) |
Vitamin D (IU) |
| 0-6 months |
200 |
400 |
| 7-12 months |
260 |
400 |
| 1-3 years |
700 |
600 |
| 4-8 years |
1000 |
600 |
| 9-18 years |
1300 |
600 |
| 19-50 years |
1000 |
600 |
| 51-70 years (men) |
1000 |
600 |
| 51-70 years (women) |
1200 |
600 |
| 71 years |
1200 |
800 |
If you're concerned about your bone health, schedule a BMD screening. The sooner decreased bone density is caught, the better your chances of stopping its progression. Maintaining healthy bones takes dedication, but small daily steps can make a big difference over time!
The medical team at
Balance Clinic specializes in treating age-related conditions like osteopenia and osteoporosis. Our integrative approach looks at your hormones, nutrition, fitness, and lifestyle to create a customized bone health plan. With our help, you can rebuild and preserve your bones for an active future. Contact us today to learn more and schedule a consultation! We're here to listen and design a treatment plan that puts you on the path to stronger, healthier bones.
In conclusion, decreased bone density is a common condition that affects many people, especially as they age. By understanding the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of osteopenia and osteoporosis, you can take proactive steps to maintain healthy bones throughout your life. If you have concerns about your bone health, don't hesitate to seek professional help from a specialized clinic like Balance Clinic.